• Average Daily Rate (ADR) - The average rate paid for an occupied room on a given day. It is calculated by dividing total room revenue by number of rooms sold.

  • Capital Expenditure (CapEx) - Funds used to upgrade, improve and maintain the hotel assets. It includes furniture, fixtures, equipment etc.

  • Capitalization Rate (Cap Rate) - Ratio between a property's NOI and its market value. Used to value hotel assets.

  • Capital Stack - The different sources of financing used to fund the acquisition and operation of a hotel property, including equity, mezzanine debt, and senior debt.

  • Carried interest - The share of profits that the general partner receives as compensation, once the fund exceeds a specified benchmark return or preferred return.

  • Cash-on-Cash Return - A measure of cash flow return on equity. Calculated by dividing annual before-tax cash flow by total equity investment.

  • Cash Flow - The net operating income after debt service. It represents the cash available to equity partners after meeting all operating expenses and debt payments.

  • Debt - Loans taken to finance the hotel property. This includes mortgage loans, mezzanine loans etc.

  • Debt Service - Regular principal and interest payments made on any loans. Priority payment for hotel owners.

  • Debt Service Coverage Ratio (DSCR) - Measures the ability to service debt payments from net operating income. Calculated by dividing NOI by debt service.

  • Debt/Leverage - Loans or financing used to fund the hotel purchase or operations. This can include mortgages, bonds, loans etc. High leverage indicates high debt levels.

  • Distribution Channels - Methods of selling hotel rooms, like online travel agencies, global distribution systems, hotel website etc. Impacts margins.

  • Distributions - Cash payments made to fund investors from profits earned on the hotel property investments.

  • Distressed asset - A hotel with financial difficulties, often purchased at a discount to stabilize operations and generate returns through turnaround.

  • Equity - Funds contributed by the hotel owners/investors. It represents ownership interest in the property.

  • Exit Cap Rate - The expected capitalization rate at which the hotel asset could be sold at the end of the holding period. Used to estimate exit value.

  • Franchise Fee - An ongoing royalty fee paid by the hotel to the brand/franchisor. This allows the hotel to use the brand name, reservations system, and other services.

  • Ground-Up Development - Building a new hotel from the ground up. Typically higher risk than acquiring existing assets.

  • Hold Period - The amount of time the fund plans to own an asset before considering sale. Typically 5-7 years.

  • Hurdle Rate - The minimum rate of return required by investors to invest in the hotel fund.

  • Internal Rate of Return (IRR) - The annualized return rate earned on the total capital invested in the hotel asset over its holding period. A key hotel fund performance metric.

  • Interest Service Coverage Ratio (ISCR) - Measures a property's ability to service interest payments on debt obligations. Calculated as NOI/Interest Payments.

  • Management Fee - A fee paid by the hotel owner to a management company to operate the hotel on their behalf. Typically this is a base fee + incentive fee.

  • Mezzanine Debt - Subordinated debt that sits between a property's equity and senior debt. It offers higher returns for higher risk.

  • Net Operating Income (NOI) - Revenue remaining after operating expenses are deducted. It does not include debt service, taxes and other fixed expenses.

  • Occupancy Rate - The percentage of available rooms that are occupied or rented at a hotel over a given period of time.

  • Preferred Equity - A hybrid of debt and equity that provides a fixed return to investors before common equity, while also affording some control and upside.

  • Preferred Return - The threshold return rate that limited partners receive before the general partner of a private equity fund receives its carried interest.

  • Revenue Per Available Room (RevPAR) - A performance metric calculated by multiplying a hotel's average daily room rate by its occupancy rate. It measures a hotel's ability to fill rooms at an average rate.

  • Return on Investment (ROI) - A measure of operating efficiency calculated by dividing hotel's NOI by its total cost of investment.

  • Senior Debt - Primary mortgage-based debt in first position, typically 50-70% of capital stack.

  • Value-Add - An investment strategy focused on increasing the value of a hotel asset through renovations, repositioning, and operational improvements.

  • Waterfall - The order and priority in which investment returns are distributed to partners.